Paul Lange (1865–1920) was a German musician living and working in Istanbul. He came to the Ottoman capital as lecturer at the American College for Girls. After postings as teacher in various institutes of Higher Education in Istanbul including the German School (Alman Lisesi), he was appointed Director of the Sultan's music after the revolution in 1908 and carried the Ottoman Court title "Bey". As a member of the Ottoman court, Lange was allowed to stay in Istanbul by the Allied Military Administration when all other Germans and Austrians were deported from the city. When Lange died in 1920, he received a state funeral, but his family was deported from Istanbul the very same day.
The German-American conductor Hans Lange (assistant of Arturo Toscanini in New York, later conductor at the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, best known for numerous recordings with the Wagner soprano Kirsten Flagstad) was the oldest son of Paul Lange.
Paul Lange was a close friend of fellow German lecturer Dr Friedrich Schrader, also faculty member at Robert College in the 1890s.